IFLA /UNESCO / NALIS SEMINAR ON SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARY MANIFESTOS AND GUIDELINES

COUNTRY REPORT - PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

Presented by Annette Wallace

HISTORY
Public Library Service began in Trinidad and Tobago in 1851 when the first public library, the Public Library of Trinidad was opened to the public on Knox Street in Port of Spain. 1919 saw the introduction of library service to the southern part of the country when the Carnegie Free Library was established in San Fernando. It was however in 1942 when the Central Library Service was introduced that the expansion of library service was witnessed. The period mid 1940s to 1950s can be described as the golden years of library service and several libraries were established throughout the country. These included San Juan (1946), Point Fortin (1946), Scarborough, Tobago (1948), Princes Town (1949), Arima (1950), Sangre Grande, Roxborough (1979), Siparia (1949) and La Brea. It should be noted that these three bodies the Public Library, Carnegie Free Library and Central Library Services were disparate bodies with separate structure and budgetary allocations from the central government.

Early moves to integration surfaced in the 1960s when staff of the Central Library Services were placed at Carnegie Free Library for the operation of the South rural service which included a Mobile Library Service which served remote areas as far as Icacos in south to Guayagyare in South East. In 1993 Cabinet gave approval to integrate the Public Library Services and from 1994 the
staff, services and collections of the three entities were physically integrated. The West Indian collections of the Public Library of Trinidad and the Central Library were merged at the Public Library Building on Knox Street to fonn the Heritage Library. The Public Library services were amalgamated and moved from the Nelson Street Commuters Library and the Public Library Building to a building at the comer of Duke and Pembroke Streets Port of Spain to form the Port of Spain Public Library. The Carnegie Free Library continued its role as the South Regional headquarters for the integrated system.

The NALIS Act was approved by Parliament and in 1998 this Act integrated the three (3) entities.

ORGANIZATION
The top structure of NALIS was approved by Cabinet in 1998 and in March 1999, the first Executive Director and Deputy Executive Director of NALIS were appointed.

The top structure of NALIS comprises the Executive Director, Deputy Director, Director of Public Libraries Division, Educational Library Services Division, Information Networks Division, Heritage Library Division, Director of Finance, Human Resources
Management, Corporate Secretary and Public Relations/Marketing Officer.

Cabinet's approval was recently received for twenty-two (22) new positions of library assistants although the original requests included nine (9) positions of librarians. These Library Assistants should bring the total number of paraprofessionals to sixty-eight (68). There are at present ten (10) professionals at service points in Public Libraries. The breakdown is as follows:-

  • North Region - 4 Librarians
  • South Region - 4 Librarians
  • Tobago - 2 Librarians

The Board of NALIS recently approved a new staffing structure for the National Library, which because of its new services and large areas demand increase staffing. This proposal for thirty-three (33) positions now requires Cabinet approval.

MISSION
To deliver and facilitate equitable access to high quality information in all formats to support the economic, intellectual, cultural, social, developmental, educational and recreational needs of Trinidad & Tobago and beyond.

VISION
A dynamic information network, entrepreneurial and customer oriented in outlook, offering information services to the nation and the world, utilizing state of the art technology.

OBJECTIVES
The aim of the Public Libraries Division of NALIS is to provide efficient and reliable access to information to the public utilizing state of the art technology. The division also encourages the use of information and promotes the reading habit.

SERVICES OFFERED

  • Adult Lending Service
  • Young Adult Services
  • Children's LendingServices
  • Reference Services
  • Readers' Advisory Services
  • User Services
  • Reading Facilities
  • Photocopying/Internet Printing
  • Internet Tutorials
  • Services for Differently Abled
  • Business Resource Centre
  • Inter Library Loans
  • Baby Collection
  • Parent/Teacher/Librarian Collection
  • Outreach Services

 

 

 

 

 

S.W.O.T ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS

EXPANSION OF LIBRARY SERVICE

There are twenty-three (23) service points in Trinidad and Tobago. This includes a new library in St Helena which will be opened this month. Two (2) Mobile Libraries in Trinidad visit thirty-seven (37) service points in outlying areas. A new Mobile Library will begin serving rural areas in South Trinidad this month. One (1) Mobile Library in Tobago offers library service at thirty (30) schools on the island.

STATE- OF- THE- ART NATIONAL LIBRARY
NALIS is proud of the new National Library, which was formally opened on Wednesday March 26th this year and houses the Port of Spain Public Library with its Children's, Young Adults and Adults Sections, Heritage Library, Technical Services Department and our Administrative Headquarters. The National Library exemplifies the standard of achievement of facility and service in libraries with its advanced technology and special services for the Differently-Abled, separate Young Adult Library, Business Centre and News Media Centre.

ESTABLISHED PARTNERSHIPS IN COMMUNITIES
A positive feature in the expansion of library services has been partnerships which have facilitated the introduction of services to many communities. Partnerships were established in communities through:-

(1) Corporate Sponsors
The petroleum company, AMOCO, now BPTT in Mayaro contributed to the establishment of the Mayaro Public Library in 1990. Texaco (T'dad) Ltd has sponsored Environment Collections and our annual Storytelling competition. Republic Bank has donated a Young Adult Collection to libraries and sponsored Holiday Activities and National Library Week activities. This bank has also approved funding for the establishment of another area for the Visually Impaired Persons in the National Library. The reintroduction of the Mobile Library service in the 80's was facilitated by the donation of a Book Mobile and collection by Scotia Bank.

(2) Diplomatic Corps
The innovative library in Cedros, was established through the donation of a bus by the Speaker of the Canadian Parliament and monetary donation for book stock, upgrade of facility, furniture and equipment by the Canada Fund of the Canadian High Commission.

  • Wives of Latin American diplomats, The Hispanic Women of Trinidad and Tobago (HWTT) conduct weekly bilingual story hour at the Port of Spain Children's Library and have purchased a collection of books for the National Library.
  • The Venezuelan High Commission has donated an Adult Spanish Language reference collection.
  • The U.S. High Commission has expressed interest in providing an Americana collection for Tobago.

(3) Friends of the Library Groups.
These assist with fundraisers to support libraries and services.

SERVICE OF INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

  • Babies

NALIS is proud of its introduction of two new important facets of library services. These were to babies in 2001 and disadvantaged communities later that year. To introduce reading at the earliest age, Baby collections are available at all libraries and are promoted by workshops for pregnant, nursing mothers and caregivers.

  • Disadvantaged Communities

For disadvantaged communities, the first library service for Visually Impaired Persons (VIPs) was introduced at the Regional Headquarters in San Femando in 2001. This service was limited to training the VIPs in computers utilizing the JAWS software but was the catalyst for the disadvantaged service now available in two (2) areas in the Children and Adult libraries of the new National Library. There are special collections for the blind and VIPs. These include Print Braille, Recorded Books and Digital Talking Books. Other equipment for the blind are Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) and Braille embossers. At this library the Differently-Abled are also served through the availability of "Next Talk" software for the Hearing Impaired and specialized furniture and equipment for the physically challenged. The building is user friendly and provides access through ramps and elevators for this group. A limited Housebound service was also introduced for geriatric homes in Port of Spain and its environs in 2002.

TECHNOLOGICALLY ADVANCED SERVICE
NALIS's programme of computerization is well advanced with Internet access available from all its service points throughout Trinidad and Tobago.

In 2002, 68,538 persons searched the Internet at libraries. The website www.nalis.gov.tt is an important source for local and Caribbean online information.

Electronic Subscription Services Available
Access to electronic databases is provided at all service points. The Information Networks Division of NALIS has been involved in digitization of Caribbean material. A digitization project of Slave Deeds has commenced and these images can be viewed on the website.

Computerized/Automated Library Cataloguing and Circulation System
Technology of the highest standard is available at the National Library where there are one hundred and twenty-one (121) computers available for public use.

Automated Circulation and Cataloguing systems with Self Check and Smart Access Card photocopiers are also accessible.

PROMOTION OF LITERACY
Programmes to celebrate and promote the work of local writers and artiste, Storytelling Competitions, Story Hours and Book Talks dominate activities at many of the libraries to foster the reading habit. Reading Development workshops are also conducted for staff and the public. NALIS collaborates with the Adult Literacy Tutors Association (ALTA) in the provision of accommodation at several branch libraries for the conduct of Adult Literacy classes.

GENERALLY SATISFIED USERS
A User Survey conducted in 2002 revealed over 90 of patrons were satisfied with the level of service offered at libraries.

AN HERITAGE LIBRARY: A STOREHOUSE OF LOCAL AND CARIBBEAN INFORMATION
The Heritage Library at the National Library acquires, preserves and disseminates all print and non-print material relevant to our heritage. Heritage collections are also available at all libraries.

IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMUNICATIONS
The NALIS website www.nalis.gov.tt is an important source of information for local and foreign researchers. The employment of a Public Relations/Marketing Officer has assisted with the marketing of libraries and its services. The National Library Week celebrations have brought NALIS into public focus.

Other methods of improved communications include the publication of library pathfinders, bookmarks, posters, lecture, exhibitions, and outreach activities. Internet service has also assisted in internal textural communication.

A LEVEL OF PROFESSIONALLY QUALIFIED STAFF, SKILLED AND COMMITTED PARA PROFESSIONALS
Many Librarians have obtained professional qualifications through government scholarship. A number of paraprofessionals have emerged through the Library Technicians Course which has now been replaced by an Associate Degree Programme. NALIS has expanded the number of training programs to staff. Over the past three years staff has been trained in: -

  • Performance Management and Appraisal
  • Induction Training
  • Computer Literacy
  • CDS/ISIS, WINISIS
  • Customer Relations
  • Reading Development Workshop
  • Reference Services

 

 

Some librarians benefited from digitization training in Colimar, Mexico and training courses offered in other Caribbean Islands. Still others have participated in international conference e.g. IFLA, ACURIL and ALA.

GENERALLY SATISFIED CUSTOMERS
In an effort to evaluate our services, NALIS in 2002 conducted a user survey of library users to assess user satisfaction. Over 90 of these patrons expressed satisfaction with their library service.

WEAKNESSES

INADEQUATE STAFFING AT SERVICE POINTS
Limited staffing has affected the delivery of extended hours of service to the public at some branches. The present level of staffing which exists at the large National Library is also inadequate to serve the many new areas and services in the new building. Neither
are there adequate professionals to man these areas. IFLA recommends a librarian to every 6000 reader. NALIS now operates beneath this standard.

  • The upgrade of facilities has also been affected by inadequate support staff in the Facilities Management department thus timely repairs to library premises are delayed. The maintenance of computers and equipment are similarly affected.


LIBRARY SERVICE DOES NOT SERVE LARGE AREAS OF THE POPULATION

  • Large areas of our population has no access to library service especially in rural communities. Nor do the disadvantaged communities. Our studies revealed that 44% of library population is at present served.

COLLECTIONS DO NOT MEET THE DEMANDS OF THE POPULATION
Although there has been an annual increase in the book vote, NALIS faces extra costs each year as its collection and services grow. The increase in demands for our services and the expansion of services places additional pressure on the library budget. Collections are therefore inadequate to serve populations and empty shelves of new titles act as a deterrent to Book Club activities.

POOR REMUNERATION FOR LIBRARY STAFF
While all public officers complain about low wages these complaints have heightened since salary increases were given to teachers in 2001. This has resulted in disgruntled staff and a failure to attract qualified persons to the profession.

P. E. S. T ANALYSIS

POLITICAL
There is a level of recognition of the importance of libraries by the government. Successive governments have ensured the construction of the National Library.

Government has been supportive of NALIS and has recognized its role in its 2020 mission for the country.

Thirty (30) scholarships in Library and Information Science for study at North American Universities were awarded in 2002. However, the shift from different Ministries because of frequent changes in government over the past two years have impacted negatively on the smooth transition of officers into NALIS.

Politicians also facilitated the take over by NALIS of the Chaguanas Community Library in 1999, the introduction of library service in Maloney in 1988, Debe in 2001 and the soon to be opened St Helena Library.

ECONOMIC
Although still inadequate, the level of funding has increased over the years. Book allocations have moved from $650,000 in 1994 to $2 million in 2002. $20m was allocated for the purchase of books and other materials for the National Library. Our approved estimates increased from $21m in 2000 to $80.9m in 2002.

SOCIOLOGICAL
Globalization has made persons aware of the importance of a more educated work force. More patrons use the Reference Services and register for Internet Services to make themselves computer literate. On the other hand the poor and middle class are our major clients, but the upper classes rarely make use of the library service.

TECHNOLOGICAL
The use of technology is an important part in the delivery of our service and this is reflected in the ICT and Internet access at all our service points. In an effort to bridge the digital divide computer literacy and internet access training are offered at many of our libraries.

REACH
44% of the population is at present served by Public Libraries. At the end of 2002 there was a total number of one hundred and seventy thousand, five hundred and thirty eight (170,538) registered users at Public Libraries in Trinidad. There are approximately 5,000 registered users in Tobago.

FUNDING
NALIS receives 100 of its funding from Government appropriation Corporate bodies have contributed to libraries as previously mentioned. In 2002 the Canada Fund of the Canadian High Commission donated $50,000 to the Friends of the Library to upgrade facilities at the Cedros Library and purchase equipment and furniture for the premises.

RECOMMENDA TIONS

  • An improvement in staffing is a fundamental requirement if expansion of libraries and services is to take place.
  • A sustained campaign to market libraries and librarianship as a profession is an important goal since the profession suffers from a serious dearth of professionals. Young persons must see library science as an important area of study. Many persons are unaware of libraries and its services.
  • Improvements in remuneration is related to the previous points. Low salaries to professional acts as a serious deterrent to more persons entering the profession.
  • Increase funding to improve and increase collections. More funding is needed for service to disadvantaged communities and to acquire relevant collections in old and new services.
  • Provision of comfortable and user friendly facilities for staff and users. Facilities require timely repairs. Additional staff is required to support the Facilities Manager. New buildings should be constructed to replace structures in our Regional Headquarters of Tobago, San Femando and Arima.
  • Expansion of library services to make accessible to entire country
    IFLA recommends:

    (a) A branch library within 1.5 (1 mile) of most residents
    (b) Large library within 3-4 KM (2 -2.5 miles) of most residents

Our services at present serve less than 50 of the population. The introduction of Mobile
libraries will assist in delivery of service to rural areas but purpose built libraries are vital
in most of our large communities.

  • On going training programs for staff development, especially in areas of ICT.
  • Conduct a user survey in communities of persons who do not use our services

OTHER DEVELOPMENTS

  • In its attempt to bridge the digital divide, NALIS has partnered with the Ministry of Social Development in the establishment of a Telecentre at one of our rural branch libraries and this service will begin by mid year.
  • All libraries will embark on an Oral History Biographies project to collect, organize and preserve information on persons within communities.
  • We have been approached by the Prisons to provide a collection for prisoners and will soon organize a Deposit Collection for the local jail.
  • The addition of two (2) Mobile Libraries this year will assist in the expansion of library service to underserved communities.